Opposition legislators have said that achieving full integration of the East African Community (EAC) remains a distant goal, citing major implementation gaps within the ministry of East African Community Affairs.
In their alternative budget report, presented by the leader of the opposition, Joel Ssenyonyi, the MPs argue that the region is yet to realise the benefits of integration despite existing frameworks being fully implemented.
Ssenyonyi said protocols on peace and security remain largely inactive, weakening efforts to prevent and manage conflict.
He noted that instability in countries such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo and South Sudan continues to undermine regional cooperation and trade.
He added that key mechanisms, including early warning systems and joint defence operations, have not been fully operationalised, affecting cross-border movement and reducing trader confidence.
The report also highlights low public awareness about the EAC and its benefits, especially at the grassroots level. Ssenyonyi said many traders still face non-tariff barriers due to limited knowledge of rules of origin and product standards.
According to the Uganda National Household Survey 2023/24, trade accounts for about 50% of non-crop household enterprises, indicating untapped opportunities in regional markets.
Despite a 27% growth in intra-EAC trade between 2024 and 2025, Uganda recorded a trade deficit of $ 62.5 million in the second quarter of the 2024/25 financial year. Senyonyi attributed this partly to information gaps among traders.
The MPs also raised concerns about governance across the region. They said principles of democracy, rule of law and good governance, as outlined in the EAC treaty, are not being fully upheld.
They noted that the extension of the East African Court of Justice mandate to cover human rights cases remains pending.
Other challenges include weak infrastructure, limited border testing facilities, and centralised certification systems in Entebbe, which delay exports, especially perishable goods.
The report further cites digital connectivity gaps, high roaming charges, and restrictive bilateral air service agreements as barriers to trade and tourism.
The MPs called for stronger regional coordination, improved infrastructure, and increased public awareness to unlock the full potential of EAC integration.
